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To understand the current status of BMI of the elderly and related factors in longevity areas in China, and provide scientific evidence for the control of BMI level in elderly population. Data used in this study were obtained from Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study, a sub-cohort of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. A total of 2 825 elderly in 8 longevity areas in China were surveyed and measured in 2017. The BMI levels of 2 217 elderly aged 65 years and older were calculated and in follow up. The ordered classification logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencd factors for the BMI in the elderly. The BMI of the elderly in 8 longevity areas in China was (22.36±3.87) kg/m(2), and it was (22.76±3.58) kg/m(2) for males and (21.75±3.98) kg/m(2) for females. The BMI levels were normal in 1 165 elderly persons. The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were 15.8, 24.0 and 7.7, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the main factors affecting the BMI of people under 100- years old were age (65-: =2.78, 95: 1.87-4.15; 80-: =1.47, 95: 1.00-2.17), smoking status (=0.46, 95: 0.32-0.66), annual household income (<30 000 Yuan: =1.26, 95: 1.07-1.47; 30 000-70 000 Yuan: =1.52, 95: 1.12-1.86), and frequency of tea intake(=1.36, 95: 1.01-1.71), while the factor in people aged ≥100 years was gender (=3.68, 95: 1.32-10.36). The prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were high in the elderly from longevity areas in China. It is necessary to pay attention to the trend of overweight and obesity due to smoking, higher annual household income and regular tea drinking in the elderly men.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The effect of the silica nanoparticles (SNs) on lungs injury in rats was investigated to evaluate the toxicity and possible mechanisms for SNs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Wistar rats were instilled intratracheally with 1 mL of saline containing 6.25, 12.5, and 25.0 mg of SNs or 25.0 mg of microscale SiO2 particles suspensions for 30 d, were then sacrificed. Histopathological and ultrastructural change in lungs, and chemical components in the urine excretions were investigated by light microscope, TEM and EDS. MDA, NO and hydroxyproline (Hyp) in lung homogenates were quantified by spectrophotometry. Contents of TNF-α, TGF-β1, IL-1β, and MMP-2 in lung tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There is massive excretion of Si substance in urine. The SNs lead pulmonary lesions of rise in lung/body coefficients, lung inflammation, damaged alveoli, granuloma nodules formation, and collagen metabolized perturbation, and lung tissue damage is milder than those of microscale SiO2 particles. The SNs also cause increase lipid peroxidation and high expression of cytokines.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The SNs result into pulmonary fibrosis by means of increase lipid peroxidation and high expression of cytokines. Milder effect of the SNs on pulmonary fibrosis comparing to microscale SiO2 particles is contributed to its elimination from urine due to their ultrafine particle size.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Air Pollutants , Toxicity , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Lung , Pathology , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Nanoparticles , Toxicity , Pulmonary Fibrosis , Metabolism , Pathology , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Silicon Dioxide , Toxicity , Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms , Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission , Urine , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate 18F-N- succinimidyl -4-fluorobenzoate (SFB)-Annexin B1 in detectingin vitro andin vivo apoptosis. Methods Anti-Fas antibody was used to induce apoptosis in Jurkat cells. Apoptosis in Jurkat cells was confirmed by flow cytometer (FCM). Unilateral renal ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by transient (45 min) ligation of the renal artery in the rabbit. The rabbit was then administrated with 18F-SFB-Annexin B1 intravenously 24 h later and then imaged by PET/CT at 10,30,60,90,120 and 240 min postinjection. Apoptosis in kidney was confirmed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and HE staining. Results The apoptosis rate induced by anti-Fas antibody was 25.98%(120 min) while that in the control group was only 1.81%. The uptake of 18F-SFB-Annexin B1in apoptosis group was greater than that in the control group. PET/CT images at 240 min showed higher uptake in the ligated kidney than the non-ligated kidney. TUNEL assay and HE staining confirmed great amount apoptotic cells in the ligated kidney. Conclusion 18 F-SFB-Annexin B1may be potentially useful in detecting apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo.
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Objective To synthesize 16α-[18F]fluoro-17β-estrogen(18F-FES) with high chemical and radiochemical purity using multifunctional radiolabeling module of Explora GN and separation module of Explora LC (Explora GN/LC dual module). Methods Explora GN/LC dual module and one-pot radiochemical process were applied for fully automated synthesis and separation of 18F-FES. The radiochemical purity of 18F-FES was analyzed by HPLC. The saturation binding test of 18F-FES with ER (ER-positive MCF-7 cell line) was applied to examine the biological activity of 18F-FES. Results 18F-FES synthesis procedure took 60 min, with radiochemical yield about 45% and radiochemical purity higher than 98%. The Kd and Bmax of MCF-7 cells with 18F-FES were (2.922±0.619) nmol/L and (4.193±0.360) nmol/L respectively. Conclusions 18F-FES can be automatically synthesized by Explora GN/LC dual module with high chemical purity and radiochemical purity. It would be a potential PET tracer to be used in estrogen-related molecular imaging.
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Objective To synthesize and analyze sodium 18F-fluoroacetate (FAC) and its precursor ethyl O-mesylglycolate (EOMG). Methods EOMG was synthesized using modified method. Its chemical purity was checked by HPLC and its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral analyses. Final product of 18F-FAC was synthesized based on general nucleophilic reactions module Explora GN using EOMG as a precursor. Liquid chromatography Explora LC was applied to get rid of its chemical impurities.Then HPLC and radio-thin layer chromatography were used to assay its radiochemical purity, chemical purity and specific activity. Results EOMG was synthesized and identified. Its yield was 70% and its chemical purity was 97.0% (calculated by chromatographic peak area). The radiochemical purity of 18F-FAC was more than 98%, and its specific activity was 236. 5 MBq/μmol. Conclusion This synthetic method for 18F-FAC and its precursor can be defined as effective and highly quality-controlled.
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Objective To explore the appropriate ways and contents of reproductive health education for middle school students and to understand reproductive health related sexual behavior and influencing factors among middle school students. Methods Reproductive health related sexual behavior was evaluated among junior and senior middle school students in Luoyang by cluster sampling. The statistical software of SAS 8.1 was adopted for data analyses. Sexual behavior and influencing factors were analyzed by logistic regression. Results Critical sexual behaviors were found significantly higher in senior students,including masturbation, sexual fantasy and sexual intercourse than that in junior students (P<0.05), and boys had higher prevalence than girls (P<0.05). Results from multivariate logistic regression model analyses indicated that incidence rate of sexual behavior among those who ever having had experiences was higher than those who were inexperienced ( OR = 2.62,95 % CI:1.21-5.66). Incidence rate of sexual behavior was related to access of reproductive health and STD/AIDS knowledge ( OR = 3.09,95 % CI:1.43-6.51). In addition, incidence rate of sexual behavior was related to attitude and relation of amour between boys and girls ( OR = 2.24,95 % CI:1.32-3.75). Conclusion Awareness on reproductive health knowledge among middle school students was not enough. Marginal sexual behaviors as masturbation and sexual fantasy had not been correctly and openly discussed to avoid inappropriate sexual activities.